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Diabetic Retinopathy: What Is It?

High blood sugar in our eyes causes diabetic retinopathy, an eye disorder in which blood vessels in the retina dilate and bleed. Diabetic retinopathy is a condition that affects people with diabetes and causes damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Over time, high blood sugar levels can cause the blood vessels in the retina to become weak, leaky, and damaged, causing a number of vision problems.

What are the symptoms of diabetic retinopathy?

Diabetic retinopathy can occur with no symptoms or with very mild visual blurring. Later, over time, you may start experiencing blurred vision, blind spots, or floaters. However, using the premise that clear vision indicates that the retina is functioning normally is a serious mistake that can lead to future eye problems. it promotes.

What kinds of diabetic retinopathy exist?

Either non-proliferative (background) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy exists. Early-stage non-proliferative retinopathy is characterized by leakage from tiny retinal blood vessels.

Proliferative retinopathy is characterized by the aberrant growth of new blood vessels in the retina. When new blood vessels develop or bleed into it, they may also affect the vitreous humor, the clear gel that fills the back of the eye in front of the retina.

Compared to the non-proliferative variant, proliferative retinopathy is far more severe and can result in complete blindness.

What is the cause of retinal retinopathy?

Retinopathy is a general term that refers to damage or disease of the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. There are several types of retinopathy, each with its own causes.

• When developing or bleeding into it, new blood vessels may also affect the vitreous humor, the clear gel that fills the back of the eye in front of the retina.
• Hypertensive retinopathy: High blood pressure can cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina, leading to hypertensive retinopathy.

• Retinopathy of prematurity: This type of retinopathy occurs in premature infants, where abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina can cause bleeding and scarring.
• Retinal vein occlusion: A blockage in the vein that carries blood away from the retina can cause retinal vein occlusion, leading to retinopathy.
• Radiation retinopathy: Radiation exposure, either from cancer treatment or other sources, can damage the blood vessels in the retina, leading to radiation retinopathy.
• Retinal artery occlusion: A blockage in the artery that carries blood to the retina can cause retinal artery occlusion, leading to retinopathy.

 Other factors that can increase the risk of retinopathy include age, smoking, high cholesterol levels, and certain medical conditions, such as sickle cell disease. Treatment for retinopathy depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, laser therapy, or surgery. It is important to seek prompt medical attention if you experience any changes in your vision.

What are the treatments for diabetic retinopathy?

The best course of action is to keep your blood pressure and diabetes under control.

Many doctors may use laser photocoagulation to stop the formation of new blood vessels and trigger the regression of existing blood vessels that are leaking. A “vitrectomy” may be recommended by your doctor if blood enters the vitreous fluid.

A cast of treatment?

The cost of retinal detachment surgery varies from Rs. 40,000 to Rs. 60,000, approximately.

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